Reverse logistics networks often consist of several tiers with independent members competing at each tier. This paper develops a methodology to examine the individual entity behavior in reverse production systems. We consider two tiers in the network, collectors and processors. The collectors...

This paper proposes a retailer collection model whereby the retailer collects end-of-life products and the manufacturer cooperates with a third-party firm to handle used products, and a non-retailer collection model whereby a third-party firm is subcontracted by the manufacturer for collection...

This paper develops a two-stage Cournot production game that integrates strategic and operational planning under the fuzzy random environment, which to our best knowledge has not appeared in the literature. At the strategic level, two competing decision-makers determine the upper bound of a...