We provide ex-post empirical analysis of the effects of climate policies on carbon dioxide emissions at the aggregate … mix. We find that higher carbon taxes and prices of permits in ETS reduce carbon emissions. An increase in carbon taxes by … national level. Our results are based on a comprehensive database of 121 countries. As climate policies we examine carbon taxes …

delayed; and the average annual fuel price. The results show how fuel usage and carbon emissions depend on a small set of … an airline's total fuel usage to seven variables: the available ton miles of capacity (passengers plus freight and mail …) provided by the airline; the average seat capacity of its aircraft, average stage length (flight distance); average load factor …

permit system (equivalently, pollution taxes) that allow for emissions as in the first-best, cities chosen by local … optimal city size when key activities in the city are associated with emissions that harm consumers. In contrast to extant … modelling of pollution and pollution abatement. We derive two key insights. First, if the national government implements a …

governments establish the optimal city size when production processes involve environmental pollution. Our analysis delivers two … key insights. First, if an optimal scheme to regulate environmental pollution is implemented, cities chosen by local … governments are never too large. They are too small if pollution is purely global, but at the optimal size, if pollution is purely …

permit system (equivalently, pollution taxes) that allow for emissions as in the first-best, cities chosen by local … optimal city size when key activities in the city are associated with emissions that harm consumers. In contrast to extant … modelling of pollution and pollution abatement. We derive two key insights. First, if the national government implements a …

governments establish the optimal city size when production processes involve environmental pollution. Our analysis delivers two … key insights. First, if an optimal scheme to regulate environmental pollution is implemented, cities chosen by local … governments are never too large. They are too small if pollution is purely global, but at the optimal size, if pollution is purely …

. Changes in airline operations directed toward conserving fuel can be an important path toward lower emissions. …Airline fuel consumption is costly for the firms and for society as well due to a climate-change externality. We study … externality. The airline industry's capital stock can be easily inventoried as a set of long-lived, durable aircraft. This …

efficient assets, but this may crowd out replacements outside the policy. Using asset-level data from the airline industry, I … show that the inclusion of intra-European aviation in the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme decreased the retirement …-haul aircraft increased by 2 years (11 percent). Accounting for the higher emissions of long-haul operations, the net environmental …

other climate policies, on carbon dioxide emissions at the aggregate national level. The paper uses cross-country dynamic … and development of low-carbon energy technologies, and for the support of the adoption of wind energy and of solar energy … of around 0.9% in CO2 emissions per capita in the short run, and of around 3.7% in the long run. An increase by one index …