This paper develops a thermodynamic input–output (TIO) model of the 1997 United States economy that accounts for the flow of cumulative exergy in the 488-sector benchmark economic input–output model in two different ways. Industrial cumulative exergy consumption (ICEC) captures the exergy of...

Obtaining reliable results from life-cycle assessment studies is often quite difficult because life-cycle inventory (LCI) data are usually erroneous, incomplete, and even physically meaningless. The real data must satisfy the laws of thermodynamics, so the quality of LCI data may be enhanced by...

Despite differences in their implementation, most carbon policies aim to have similar outcomes: effectively raising the price of carbon-intensive products relative to non-carbon-intensive products. While it is possible to predict the simple broad-scale economic impacts of raising the price of...

This article empirically evaluates the results from input-output (I-O) life cycle assessment (LCA) models of the United States for 2002, based on different sources of data: demand-side survey data; supply-side data with homogeneous prices; and supply-side data with heterogeneous prices. These...

type="main" <title type="main">Summary</title> <p>Biogeochemical cycles are essential ecosystem services that continue to degrade as a result of human activities, but are not fully considered in efforts toward sustainable engineering. This article develops a model that integrates the carbon cycle with economic activities in...</p>