Change orders impact many areas of a construction project. However, the impacts that change orders have on labour efficiency are much harder to quantify than other impacts and therefore are a significant risk to contractors. Little research has been completed in the past quantifying these...

The distinction between new and old institutional economics may be unhelpful in depicting those theorists who defy clear categorisation. One such writer is Douglass North, who is associated with the new institutionalism but who deviates from the neoclassical principles which supposedly form the...

The paper investigates the situation of middle-income economies around the world. Since 1965, only 18 economies with a population of more than 3 million and not dependent on oil exports have made the transition to being high income. Many more have not been able to move beyond the middle-income...

Intro -- Foreword -- Table of contents -- Introduction -- Rationale for employers' organizations : Why get involved in child labour? -- What this guide provides -- Intended users -- How to use this guide -- Three 'Options for Action' -- An integrated set of guides -- Surveying the...

The first guide provides definitions, an explanation of the causes and the consequences of child labour, and the rationale for why enterprises should not employ children. In short, it provides an understanding of the issues. The two subsequent guides explain what can be done about child labour...