Randomized control trials are often considered the gold standard to establish causality. However, in many policy-relevant situations, these trials are not possible. Instrumental variables affect the outcome only via a specific treatment; as such, they allow for the estimation of a causal effect....

Hierarchical analysis is considered and a multilevel model is presented in order to explore causality, chance and complexity in financial economics. A coupled system of models is used to describe multilevel interactions, consistent with market data: the lowest level is occupied by agents...

We study the finite-sample properties of tests for overidentifying restrictions in linear regression models with a single endogenous regressor and weak instruments. Under the assumption of Gaussian disturbances, we derive expressions for a variety of test statistics as functions of eight...

This paper considers issues related to identification, inference, and computation in linearized dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) models. We first provide a necessary and sufficient condition for the local identification of the structural parameters based on the (first and) second...

Despite much recent work on the finite-sample properties of estimators and tests for linear regression models with a single endogenous regressor and weak instruments, little attention has been paid to tests for overidentifying restrictions in these circumstances. We study asymptotic tests for...

The paper presents the problem of identification in parametric models from the algebraic point of view. We argue that it is not just another perspective but the proper one. That is using our approach we can see the very nature of the identification problem, which is slightly different than that...

This paper suggests a new approach for estimating linear and non-linear dynamic term structure models with latent factors. We impose no distributional assumptions on the factors which therefore may be non-Gaussian. The novelty of our approach is to use many observables (yields or bond prices) in...

The generalized asymmetric Laplace (GAL) distribution, also known as the variance/mean-gamma model, is a popular flexible class of distributions that can account for peakedness, skewness, and heavier than normal tails, often observed in financial or other empirical data. We consider extensions...