trading areas dramatically expanded to the shores of Asia, and a long period of harsh competition set the East India Companies … from their main base (in the best conditions). During the three centuries after Vasco de Gama had reached India, European …

trading areas dramatically expanded to the shores of Asia, and a long period of harsh competition set the East India Companies … from their main base (in the best conditions). During the three centuries after Vasco de Gama had reached India, European …

trading areas dramatically expanded to the shores of Asia, and a long period of harsh competition set the East India Companies … from their main base (in the best conditions). During the three centuries after Vasco de Gama had reached India, European …

In the eighteenth century, the Dutch East India Company (VOC) traded sappanwood, a source of red dye for textiles, in … Europe, the VOC earned healthy margins by upplying a competitive red dyestuff to the continent's burgeoning textile industry …. In Asia, sappanwood contributed to the VOC's intra-Asian trade system as a commodity useful in acquiring more lucrative …