Die Störanfälligkeit von Handel in Wertschöpfungsketten haben Produktionsausfälle im Zuge von Naturkatastrophen, der Brexit und der US-amerikanische Handelskonflikt mit China verdeutlicht, ebenso wie massive Lieferprobleme im Zuge der Corona-Pandemie. Der Krieg in der Ukraine erhöht die...

Die Störanfälligkeit von Handel in Wertschöpfungsketten haben Produktionsausfälle im Zuge von Naturkatastrophen, der Brexit und der US-amerikanische Handelskonflikt mit China verdeutlicht, ebenso wie massive Lieferprobleme im Zuge der Corona-Pandemie. Der Krieg in der Ukraine erhöht die...

Trade costs such as applied tariffs, transportation and insurance costs are amplified as they pass through the multiple production steps associated with modern supply chains. This so-called "cascade effect" arises since trade costs accumulate as intermediate goods are imported and then...

Building on the results of the OECD-WTO Trade in Value-Added TiVA database, the paper analyses the evolution of effective protection in about 50 developed and developing countries from 1995 to 2008. The paper reviews also the role of preferential agreements on effective protection as well as the...

Building on the results of the OECD-WTO Trade in Value-Added TiVA database, the paper analyses the evolution of effective protection in about 50 developed and developing countries from 1995 to 2008. The paper reviews also the role of preferential agreements on effective protection as well as the...

Building on the results of the OECD-WTO Trade in Value-Added TiVA database, the paper analyses the evolution of effective protection in about 50 developed and developing countries from 1995 to 2008. The paper reviews also the role of preferential agreements on effective protection as well as the...

Global Value Chains are a dominant feature of today’s global economy, yet their empirical analysis is still incipient. Building on a recent OECD-WTO database and the results of an on-going research program at WTO, the present essay contributes at filling this gap, after introducing the main...

With the rise of global value chains, effective protection rates (EPRs) provide important insights on the impact of nominal tariffs on the competitiveness of industries. Building on the results of the OECD-WTO Trade in Value-Added TiVA database, the paper analyses the evolution of EPRs in about...