Saudi Arabia experience structural economic changes embodied by Vision 2030. One of the main aspects of this master plan is related to the financial markets and developing its instruments. This paper is devoted to developing new financial instrument called Municipality Sukuk (MuSk), and bring it...

Introduction : shadow governments and the remaking of the American local state / Dennis R. Judd, Evan McKenzie, and Alba Alexander -- City-building capacity and special-purpose authorities : institutions, interests, and the local state / James M. Smith -- Phantom governments : multiple-function...

This paper studies how fiscal decentralization affects local services. It explores a 1993 reform that increased the fiscal autonomy of Italian municipalities by replacing government transfers with revenues from a local property tax. Our identifica- tion leverages cross-municipal variation in the...