There is nothing new about the resurface on the debate of the expansion of the underground economy in times of crisis. It is a reiterated topic claiming that irregular practices in the economy are cushioning the social effects in times of economic depression. However, the extensive literature...

The multitude of duties which the fiscal regulations impose on the tax payers, as well as the burden of these duties have always stimulated tax payer’s ingeniousness to invent solutions to elude the fiscal duties. Tax evasion is the logic result of the faults and inadvertencies of an imperfect...

According to financial analyzes conducted by the facilitated institutions, tax evasion is the main component of the underground economy matrix and one of the major crimes which generates "dirty money". The assessment of tax evasion is quite difficult. We may, in fact, talk about estimating the...

This paper explores the role of social vouchers as a tool for social inclusion and local development. It presents a typology of vouchers and their objectives, governing institutional and regulatory frameworks, use by national and local governments, and the social economy (Section1). It analyses...

En este documento se estudia el papel de los bonos sociales como instrumento para la inclusión social y el desarrollo local. El documento presenta una tipología de los bonos y sus objetivos, de los marcos institucionales y regulatorios vigentes, del uso que hacen de ellos los gobiernos locales...

This paper builds a bridge between certain of the most basic principles of economics and those of evolutionary biology. It begins by extending Ronald Coase’s “The Nature of the Firm” to an investigation of how, as their environment evolves, species achieve adaptive efficiency by...

Este documento explora a função dos vales sociais como um instrumento de inclusão social e desenvolvimento local. Apresenta uma tipologia dos vales e dos respetivos objetivos, que regem os quadros institucionais e regulamentares, a utilização pelos governos nacionais e locais e a economia...

Performance in the manufacturing sector, in relation to productivity growth, scale efficiency and technical efficiency in India is dichotomous in nature, depending on whether the firm in question functions in the formal or informal sector. The main differences between these two sectors and the...

ResumenLa presente investigación estudia la economía informal en Villavicencio,dado el creciente auge de este sector y la limitada producción científicasobre las implicaciones de la informalidad en el espacio económico y social dela ciudad. La economía informal en Villavicencio es...

A matching model will explain both unemployment and economic growth by considering the underground sector and human capital. Three problems can thus be simultaneously accounted for: (i) the persistence of the underground sector, (ii) the ambiguous relationships between underground employment and...