public policies. Such differences provide important insights into what actions countries might take to further increase women …

+ benefit, the employment-to-population ratio for women aged 25-39 (the most likely age group to be raising children and …This paper investigates the relationship between the implementation of the Family 500+ benefit, changes in female … employment and female economic inactivity. The analysis is based on macro data and is focused on the years 2016-2019. To examine …

We compare employment rates of mothers and childless women over the life course across the birth cohorts from 1940 to … 1979 in Austria. By following synthetic cohorts of mothers and childless women up to retirement age, we are able to study … both short-term and long-term consequences of having a child. We consider employment participation as well as working time …

The paper documents employment and wage gaps, which arise between mothers and childless women, for a set of 28 European … countries. The role of family policies in explaining these inequalities is then examined by looking at a single policy as well … gap in employment. The impact of the leaves depends, however, on childcare availability: long maternity leaves combined …

Although work-family scholars generally agree that maternal and parental leave policies affect women's labor force … analyzes how different measurement strategies affect women's employment rates by examining combinations of paid and unpaid …