This paper explores the employment impact of innovation activity, taking into account both R&D expenditures and …-2010. The main outcome from the proposed fixed effect estimations is a labor-friendly nature of total innovation expenditures … ETC is included as a proxy for innovation activities. Moreover, the positive employment impacts of innovation activities …

Italy has yet to recover from the economic consequences of the financial and sovereign debt crisis that began more than … driving growth across the EU, such as knowledge-intensive services, are instead stagnating in Italy. Previous structural … an efficient innovation system or substantial R&D investments, were ignored. Going forward, governmental reforms should …