Introduction: The World Health Report 2006 defined 'availability', 'competence', 'responsiveness' and 'productivity' as … productivity emphasises the role of technologies in enhancing clinical practice and overall system efficiency. Last, recurring … health worker well-being. Conceptually, productivity is broadened to reflect a more nuanced understanding of efficiency …

The paper studies the patent productivity of scientists over their life cycle. The incentives for patenting and for … publishing are compared and how they shape life cycle productivity. In most empirical studies, publication productivity decreases … productivity over the life time. In the empirical part the patents of nearly 1000 German patent active professors are analyzed. The …