Over the past 30 years, the workplace has witnessed significant changes. The fast growth in the use of information technology, changes in working hours and agreements radically changed the nature of job. One such change is the flexible employment schemes, which can provide alternatives for...

The Turkish health care system has been subject to significant and critical changes and reforms since 2003. One of the most important reforms has been implemented in 2008 where the Green Card holders are entitled to the same services, without any fee, as those with public health insurance, such...

This study explores the effects of air pollution on specific diseases. Moreover, this study explores the willingness to pay for improving the air quality in the UK. The estimates are based on data from the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS) and rely on variations in pollution level and health...

The UK government has decided to implement lockdown measures at the end of March 2020 as a response to the outbreak and spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. As a consequence, households have experienced job losses and a significant drop in their finances. During these unprecedented and difficult...

Lower tax revenues and greater government spending result in higher deficits and public debt. As a result, determining the degree of budgetary effects is vital, but important to assess the persistence of these effects. We aim to investigate the impact of climate change on the fiscal balance and...

As a response to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, governments around the globe have carried on strict lockdown measures affecting millions of jobs, public life, and the well-being of people. This study aims to examine the subjective well-being (SWB) of people, such as the perception of the...

Drought has erupted across the Middle-East, as a result of climate change and global warming, leading to a considerable reduction in rainfall and snowfall, as well as a substantial drop in water resources. Climate change is, without a doubt, one of Iraq’s most pressing issues, with...

Employment is considered a significant determinant of living standards around the globe. For most people, work is the primary source of income, and job-related events and shocks are common causes for individuals and households to escape from poverty or fall into it. Along with employment, it is...

COVID-19 has become a global health pandemic forcing governments introducing unprecedented steps to contain the spread of the virus. On the 23rd of March, 2020, the UK government addressed the nation to announce extraordinary measures as a response to slow down the spread of the coronavirus,...