The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India recommended in April 2012 that spectrum held by incumbent operators in the 900 MHz band be refarmed and substitute spectrum be provided in the 1800 MHz band so that the vacated 900 MHz band can be liberalized and auctioned for provision of IMT services...

This paper examines the impact of the deregulation of compulsory industrial licensing in India on firm-size dynamics and the reallocation of resources within industries over time. Following deregulation, we find that the extent of resource misallocation declines and a considerable thickening of...

Occupational licensing laws have been relaxed in a large number of U.S. states to give nurse practitioners the ability to perform more tasks without the supervision of medical doctors. We investigate how these regulations may affect wages, employment, costs, and quality of providing certain...

The last several years have seen a push for occupational licensing deregulation, highlighted by a 2015 Supreme Court decision against a North Carolina dental licensing board and calls for deregulation from both the Obama and Trump administrations. So far, these efforts have yielded limited...

We examined the recent occupational regulation changes in China and their labor market impacts. Using data from the China Labor-Force Dynamic Survey (CLDS) from 2014 to 2018, we found an earning premium of approximately 10 percent, as well as more employment-based benefits, for those with an...

Large variation in the estimated income premium of occupational licensing can be found in the existing literature. I revisit the natural experimental design of a change in the German crafts regulation in 2004, which removed the traditional licensing requirement for self-employment in certain...