When Council Regulation (EC) No 2157/2001 on the Statute for a European Company (Societas Europaea - SE) became effective on 8 October 2004, it offered publicly traded companies, for the first time, a choice between competing company laws, namely the national law of the company’s home state...

The European Union (EU) is not de jure a federation, but after 50 years of institutional evolution it possesses attributes of a federal state. One can conclude that EU is something betweenʺ federation and intergovernmental organization. If we measure something betweenʺ by interval [0, 1],...

Viele Mitgliedstaaten der Europäischen Union vergeben staatliche Innovationshilfen, um die Innovationstätigkeit von Unternehmen anzuregen. Abhängig davon, ob die Förderung auf der Ebene der Länder, des Bundes oder der Europäischen Union angesiedelt ist, werden unterschiedliche Effekte...

Regionalization and Federalization in European Union are concepts which should be clarified in order to assure best financial allotments through EU budget. Historical background can direct EU policies giving good practice guidelines for the future. Starting from the European models, now when all...

We study the efficiency of centralized fiscal spending by supranational unions, where participation is voluntary. In this setting, a country's outside option during budget negotiations is to withdraw its contribution to the centralized budget and consume its full income. This implies a crucial...