Borghans, Lex; Golsteyn, Bart H. H.; Heckman, James J.; … - 2016
Intelligence quotient (IQ), grades, and scores on achievement tests are widely used as measures of cognition, yet the … correlations among them are far from perfect. This paper uses a variety of data sets to show that personality and IQ predict grades … than IQ of a variety of important life outcomes. Both grades and achievement tests are substantially better predictors of …