The Port of Manila, the largest seaport in the country, has been recognized as the most widely used port in the Greater …, respectively (NEDA, 2012). The ports of Batangas and Subic were developed in order to accommodate excess traffic in the port of … Manila and promote growth and development in CALABARZON and Central Luzon. However, port users still opt to operate in Manila …

, including transport costs, connecting supply chains and supporting global trade. Consequently, port performance is an important … light of this, this study seeks to assess Africa's current port performance and test the relationship between Africa's port … performance and trade performance. Very few studies have attempted to investigate the impact of port performance on trade. Hence …

welfare only and decide on the capacity of the port and of the hinterland network. We obtain the following results. First …, profit-maximizing ports internalize hinterland congestion in as far as it affects their customers. Second, investment in port … capacity reduces prices and congestion at both ports, but increases hinterland congestion in the region where the port …