This working paper examines recent trends in EU corporate demography and the role of policy responses during the COVID crisis. It compares recent bankruptcy and business creation rates to past trends. Pre-crisis trends were showing declining business creations and rising bankruptcies. After...

This working paper investigates the economic effects of guaranteed loans granted under the EU programmes MAP and CIP on SMEs' growth in Italy, the Benelux and the Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden) from 2002 to 2016. In these macro-regions, the facilities supported 174,107...

This paper provides a pan-European assessment of EU credit guarantees to SMEs. Synthesizing past research, it investigates the firm-level economic impact of over 360,000 guaranteed loans under the EU MAP and CIP programmes from 2002 to 2016. These loans represented a total amount of EUR 22bn...

This working paper examines recent trends in EU corporate demography and the role of policy responses during the COVID crisis. It compares recent bankruptcy and business creation rates to past trends. Pre-crisis trends were showing declining business creations and rising bankruptcies. After...

This working paper presents results of the first EIF Business Angels Survey, a survey among Business Angels (BA) who benefited from the European Angels Fund (EAF), an initiative advised by the EIF and providing equity to BAs for the financing of innovative companies in the form of...

This paper aims at explaining the evolution of foreign exchange control depending on the weights of social layers in the society and the administration, based on the French case during the 20th century. It first tests Krueger and Bhagwati's thesis. They found that foreign exchange control in...

This study re-assesses the most popular development policy of the 20th century, import substitution industrialization through quantitative restrictions of trade flows. The researches of Anne Krueger and Jagdish Bagwhati about quantitative restrictions in emerging countries concluded on their...