two cooperatives in exporting coffee beans. The Margamulya Coffee Producer Cooperative currently exports coffee beans …One of the institutions involved in coffee value chain in Indonesia is the cooperative. We compare the experience of … directly and through an exporter, while the Mitra Malabar Cooperative previously exported its coffee beans but currently …

of cooperatives, as previous studies did, it is not easy to disentangle certification effects from possible cooperative … non-certified farmers. Certified farmers are typically organized in cooperatives. When sampling only from a small number … effects. Here, we address this shortcoming by randomly sampling from a large number of cooperatives, thus capturing a wide …