Natural gas makes a major contribution to European energy supply. Consequently, the political crisis between Russia and Ukraine increases fears of the consequences of Russia suspending natural gas supplies to Ukraine and the European Union. The last time this occurred was in the winter of 2009,...

Die Primärenergieproduktion in der Russischen Föderation sinkt seit fünf Jahren kontinuierlich. Da trotz starker wirtschaftlicher Einbrüche der Primärenergieverbrauch nur relativ langsam abnimmt, verengt sich der Spielraum für Energieexporte. Aufgrund von Zahlungsschwierigkeiten bei den...

Die Anrainerstaaten des Persischen Golfs sind mit etwa 40 Prozent der weltweiten Exporte die bei weitem wichtigste Anbietergruppe auf dem Weltrohölmarkt. Nach Europa gehen etwa 13 Prozent der Rohölausfuhren der Golfstaaten und sechs Prozent der Ausfuhren an Erdölprodukten. Von den Golfstaaten...

The German economy has recently lost momentum but is anticipated to accelerate markedly in the course of 2013. On annual average, real GDP will increase by 0.9 percent; the corresponding figure for 2012 is expected to be 0.8 percent. During the course of 2013, however, expansion will accelerate...

OPEC countries has benefited from the increase of oil prices in the past few years. Except the worldwide crisis 2008/2009 the demand of oil from OPEC countries was high stabilizing the cohesion within the OPEC. However, this might change in the future: Worldwide demand may not grow as fast as...

In 2013 the German economy will grow at 0.4 percent which is below the growth rate of potential output. The output gap is 0.5 percent. In 2014 gross domestic product will expand at 1,6 percent and the output gap will nearly be closed. In 2015 the economy will grow above trend at a rate of 2...

Due to a weak winter half-year, the German economy will only grow by 0.4 percent in 2013. However, the economic slowdown seems to be coming to an end now; growth in 2014 is expected to be above average at 1.8 percent. The global economy is experiencing an upswing again; growth in many emerging...

The German economy is following a moderate upward trend. At 0.7 per cent, growth in the second quarter was strong compared to the first quarter, but this development was overstated by special effects. In the course of the next quarters production accelerates. In the coming year, growth will...

The German economy is expected to grow by 1.8 percent in 2014, keeping that pace in 2015, at a rate of two percent. GDP is expected to grow during the forecast period at rates only slightly above the trend; the slight under-utilization will therefore decrease correspondingly slowly. Inflation...

The German economy will grow by 1.5 percent this year. In the coming year, the increase in GDP will be somewhat higher at 1.8 percent. The jobless rate will be 6.7 percent this year but it will rise by three-tenths of a percentage point in the coming year. Inflation will remain moderate in both...