Using a field experiment in India where patients are randomly assigned to rank among a set of physicians of the same gender but with different castes and years of experience, we show that the differences in patients' physician choices are consistent with gender-based statistical discrimination....

The Covid-19 pandemic caused prolonged school closures worldwide. Children in resource- poor settings were particularly affected given their limited access to remedial distance learning opportunities through the internet, television, and radio. To address the poor access to formal education, we...

A hidden cost of the COVID-19 pandemic is the stigma associated with the disease for those infected and groups that are considered as more likely to be infected. This paper examines whether the provision of accurate and focused information about COVID-19 from a reliable source can reduce...

This paper employs the synthetic control method to examine the impact of using a non-native language as the medium of instruction in schools on a student’s learning. Exploiting an unanticipated policy change in Malaysia and using data from the Trends in International Mathematics and Science...

There exists no unified measurement framework that encompasses and integrates schooling and learning deficits – arguably the two most important education challenges in most developing countries. This paper offers a methodology that fills this gap. Using the notions of age-appropriate grade,...

Students' out-of-school activities and time use can play a crucial role in facilitating school effectiveness. Using data from Seoul, South Korea, where the assignment of students into schools is random, we show that single-sex high schools affect the out-of-school activities of boys only, while...

Inefficiency is commonplace, yet exercises aimed at improving provider performance efforts to date to measure inefficiency and use it in benchmarking exercises have not been altogether satisfactory. This paper proposes a new approach that blends the themes of Data Envelopment Analysis and the...

Large classroom variance of student age is prevalent in developing countries, where achievement tends to be low. This paper investigates whether increased classroom age variance adversely affects mathematics and science achievement. Using exogenous variation in the variance of student age in...

Using quasi-randomised data from South Korea's high school equalisation policy area, we show that school-provided after-school classes reduce students' time spent in private tuition and the associated household expenditure, as well as increase their likelihood of college attendance without any...