Despite ambitious climate goals and already substantial stocks of developed fossil energy reserves, development of new fossil energy reserves continues to be high. This raises concerns, as it reinforces the fossil industry’s opportunities and incentives to continue extraction, and may...

The reliability of the electricity grid is of vital significance for the proper functioning of a society and its economy. The aim of this study is to develop a methodology to quantify differences in the electricity distribution grid's economic importance, and investigate limitations for its...

Bei den Leitbildern der Raumentwicklung handelt es sich um eine gemeinsame Entwicklungsstrategie für die deutschen Städte und Regionen. Sie werden gemäß Raumordnungsgesetz von den Raumordnungsministern von Bund und Ländern erarbeitet und bilden eine wichtige Grundlage für das gemeinsame...

To achieve climate targets, efforts need to be made in Europe to improve energy efficiency and to expand renewable energies. Conditions for investing in renewable energies in Europe must be improved, subsidies for fossil and nuclear energy reduced. A 100 percent renewable energy system is...