Based on the advance-retreat course model, a growth model under environmental pressure, this paper builds an economic growth model that focuses on the aggregation of capital and innovation with environmental pressure. Importantly, the paper presents methods for computing the optimal quantity of...

In this paper, the Partial Distribution (PD) and multivariate Partial Distribution (MPD) are presented in their concepts, properties and applications, and PD is compared with the lognormal and the levy distribution. Though the levy distribution is better to describe the exchange returns in...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to reveal some basic characteristics in social and economic process, and lay the analytic foundation for advance-retreat course (ARC). Design/methodology/approach – The paper presents the analytic model of stochastic ARC (SARC), which is based on the...

This paper focuses on money supply and economic growth under environmental pressure. Based on the Solow growth model, a formal advance-retreat course (ARC) model and nominal ARC model for money supply are constructed, the basic conditions for increasing money to promote output growth are...

Based on the advance-retreat course model, a growth model under environmental pressure, this paper builds an economic growth model that focuses on the aggregation of capital and innovation with environmental pressure. Importantly, the paper presents methods for computing the optimal quantity of...