multiplier effects of shocks to net-revenues, taxes, social security contributions and benefits in a proxy SVAR framework …). We find multiplier effects of net-revenue components for Germany between 0 and 1 for both the top-down and bottom …

that standard identification schemes imply different priors on elasticities, generating a large dispersion in multiplier … inference on multipliers. Our results for the U.S. for the period 1947-2006 suggest that the probability of the tax multiplier … being larger than the spending multiplier is below 0.5 at all horizons …