This paper derives a recursive method and the corresponding forward solution for linear Rational Expectations (RE) models in the class of fundamental solutions. Our recursive method is a generalization of the traditional forward method of recursive substitution when predetermined variables are...

Under reduced-form learning, agents are endowed with an aggregate model, and rational expectations are then replaced with subjective expectations. This paper demonstrates that the reduced-form learning approach may be arbitrary in that a particular representation of aggregate dynamics has...

A New-Keynesian macro-model is estimated accommodating regime-switching behavior in monetary policy and macro-shocks. A key to our estimation strategy is the use of survey-based expectations for inflation and output. Output and inflation shocks shift to the low volatility regime around 1985 and...