Many African states have progressive constitutional and statutory provisions that, for the most part, endeavor to protect women’s rights and thus facilitate their contribution to economic development. Similarly, several African judicial institutions have boldly enforced those provisions....

In elementary school, girls typically outperform boys in languages and boys typically outperform girls in math. The determinants of these differences have remained largely unexplored. Using rich data from Dutch elementary schools, we decompose the differences in achievement into gender...