This paper identifies the types of immigrants that Canada has recruited to foster modern Canadian economic development and assesses how effective Canada has been in recruiting and retaining these required immigrants in the 21st century. Evidence from both balance of trade and balance of payments...

Scrutiny at the Canadian border to heighten security and simultaneously reduce type one (false positives) and type two (false negatives) errors involves a substantial use of resources as well as imposing opportunities costs in terms of time and trade diversion. One maligned strategy to minimize...

Quebec, as many other immigrant destination areas, has experienced difficulty in retaining its original set of newcomers. The paper addresses this issue of retention in terms of a brain circulation model under which immigrants enter a niche area (Quebec) and receive subsidized human capital...

Economists studying the economic behaviour of immigrants have tended to avoid serious interdisciplinary work. I argue that when presented with a particular set of research questions that lend themselves to a utility maximisation framework, an economist will be able to pursue interdisciplinary...

We theorise that remittances to persons outside the households represent transfers to maintain social relations with relatives and friends and charitable remittances are expenditures which foster group membership. We estimate transfer functions as part of a larger expenditure system and...

This paper analyzes the changing characteristics of Chinese immigrants to Canada between 1980 and 2001. It reveals that recent Chinese immigrants to Canada constitute a substantially different group from those of former years. They are no longer a homogeneous group from the rural areas of...

Canada has experienced a unique problem as a subset of its immigrants, approximately 10%, leave after ascension to citizenship. In this paper I argue that both the degree of immigrant naturalization and subsequent emigration from Canada is conditioned by economic opportunities and Canadian...

This paper explores the relative success of ethnic and immigrant Ukrainians in Canada and in the United States. We found evidence for both a sheepskin and citizenship effects, which partially explains the strong economic performance of Ukrainian immigrants in Canada. Ukrainian immigrants to the...

Canada admits refugees on the basis of compassion and not economic criteria. It is however, important to document the economic successes or failures among Canada?s refugee population in order to understand how post arrival integration policies affect refugee economic performance. This essay...

The preponderance of minimal second language acquisition by immigrants worldwide is striking. This paper proposes a theoretical model, which analyzes the underlying forces that contribute to this outcome of minimal secondary language acquisition by immigrants in such diverse immigrant-receiving...