forced to leave their homelands and settle within the new borders of West Germany. Subsequently, a law was introduced to …-in-differences ; Germany …

refugees' labour market performance. Specifically, we examine the employment effects of the 2010 reform of the introduction … program (known as IP), and how the effects vary depending on refugees' educational attainment. Given that the eligibility for … that exacerbate over time. The effects are significant and identical for male refugees, regardless of educational …

This paper studies the effects of threat on convergence to local culture and on economic assimilation of refugees … data on cultural preferences and economic outcomes of refugees with corresponding information on locals, and construct a … threat index that integrates contemporaneous and historical variables. On average, refugees assimilate both culturally and …

Exploiting the random allocation of asylum seekers to different locations in Germany, we study the impact of right …-wing voting on refugees' integration. We find that in municipalities with more voting for the right-wing AfD, refugees have worse … economic and social integration. These impacts are largest for groups targeted by AfD campaigns and refugees are also more …

examines the determinants of skill downgrading among two types of immigrants - refugees and economic immigrants - in the German … labor markets between 1984 and 2018. We find that refugees downgrade more than economic immigrants, and this discrepancy …