The 2008-2009 global recession, which originated in developed economies, has rapidly spilled over worldwide, hitting different economies with various intensity. The Macedonian economy was not an exception - the export sector suffered heavily, expectations deteriorated and household consumption...

The 2008-2009 global recession, which originated in developed economies, has rapidly spilled over worldwide, hitting different economies with various intensity. The Macedonian economy was not an exception - the export sector suffered heavily, expectations deteriorated and household consumption...

The 2008-2009 global recession, which originated in developed economies, has rapidly spilled over worldwide, hitting different economies with various intensity. The Macedonian economy was not an exception - the export sector suffered heavily, expectations deteriorated and household consumption...

The past decade following the global economic crisis (2008-09) will be certainly marked as the era of historically low interest rates, while the current juncture of COVID-19 pandemic outbreak raises the occasion of another extended period of very low interest rates. Yields have been falling...

During the last two decades the emerging countries have experienced an upward trend in reserve accumulation. However, high level of foreign reserve assets implies certain costs. Consequently, given the trade-off between the benefits and the costs of holding reserves, there are issues related to...

During the last two decades the emerging countries have experienced an upward trend in reserve accumulation. However, high level of foreign reserve assets implies certain costs. Consequently, given the trade-off between the benefits and the costs of holding reserves, there are issues related to...

This policy note presents simulation estimates for the fiscal and health impact of raising tobacco taxes in Ukraine through the Tobacco Excise Tax Simulation Model (TETSiM). It outlines two scenarios for tax reform, which differ in terms of the scale and type of the tax increases, as well as of...

This policy note presents simulation estimates for the fiscal and health impact of raising tobacco taxes in Ukraine through the Tobacco Excise Tax Simulation Model (TETSiM). It outlines two scenarios for tax reform, which differ in terms of the scale and type of the tax increases, as well as of...

This paper focuses on investigating the determinants of lending rates and interest rate spreads in Macedonia. In order to quantify the effect of various factors on lending rates and interest rate spreads during the 2001-2009 period, we use panel estimation techniques on a sample of commercial...

The recent financial and economic crisis has triggered bold and diverse policy responses to prevent further, sharper and prolonged adverse effects to the financial and the real sector. The measures for alleviating the cycle were a feature both of the advanced and the emerging and developing...