This study examines the enduring spatial and racial dimensions of poverty and deprivation in South Africa to assess the progress made by the post-apartheid society and state. A multi-dimensional approach is required to assess progress because it can reflect the reduction in deprivation...

The paper suggests a hybrid approach to strategic diagnostics of the industry competition based on the application of M. Porter's model of five forces, tools of logical-linguistic modelling and the theory of fuzzy sets. Two complementary calculation schemes were developed to assess the level of...