The relationship between risk and return has been one of the most important and extensively investigated issues in the financial economics literature. The theoretical results predict a positive relation between the two. Nevertheless, the empirical findings so far have been contradictory....

This paper examines whether oil price shocks of different origin affect the price of carbon emission allowance traded under the European Union's Emissions Trading System (EU-ETS); leading to changes in aggregate and sector specific European equity returns. The results show that an unexpected oil...

This paper investigates flight-to-safety from stocks to bonds in six European markets. We use quantile regressions to identify flight-to-safety episodes. The conditional risk-return trade-off on the stock markets is negative. Flight-to-safety episodes strengthen the negative trade-off. The...