Consistent with Convention 87 of the International Labour Organization (ILO), Section 79 of the Labour Act, 2003 (Act 651) empowers every employee in an organization to either form or join a trade union of their choice for the promotion and protection of their economic and social interests. In...

Even with the increase in the use of alternative dispute resolution (ADR), a fair amount of debate still surrounds the incorporation of mandatory employment arbitration provisions in Collective Bargaining Agreements (CBA). This method of resolving all employment disputes outside the courtroom,...

This paper provides the first definitive estimates of union density in Portugal, 2010-2012, using a unique dataset. The determinants of union density at firm level are first modeled. Next, we draw upon a very recent study of the union wage premium to provide summary estimates of the union wage...