We analyze the effect of a major central bank digital currency (CBDC) - the digital euro - on the payment industry to find remarkably heterogeneous effects. Stock prices of U.S. payment firms decrease, while stock prices of European payment firms increase in response to positive announcements on...

Post-covid inflation was predominantly driven by unexpectedly strong demand forces, not only in the United States, but also in the Euro Area. In comparison, the inflationary impact of adverse supply shocks was less pronounced, even though these shocks significantly constrained economic activity....

Die politische und die wirtschaftliche Integration Europas sind eng verwoben. Betrachtet man das Zusammenwirken beider Bereiche, wird deutlich, dass Europa aus einer Vielzahl historisch gewachsener Wirtschafts- und Sozialmodelle besteht. Welche wirtschaftlichen und politischen Veränderungen die...

This cross-country paper explains differences in external sector performance among four large euro area countries—France, Germany, Italy, and Spain. The paper discusses that during 2001–04, the performance of the external sector differed markedly among these four largest euro area countries....