Der Umbau des US-amerikanischen Gesundheitssystems ist eines der Vorhaben der gegenwärtigen US-Regierung. Der folgende Beitrag stellt die Organisation und die Leistungsfähigkeit des derzeitigen Gesundheitswesens vor und diskutiert die aktuellen Reformvorschläge.

Like other countries seeking a progressive path to universalism, Peru has attempted to reduce inequalities in access to healthcare by granting the poor entitlement to tax-financed basic care without charge. We identify the impact of this policy by comparing the target population's change in...

This chapter examines education and labor market outcomes for cohorts with early-life exposure to the Greek 1941-42 famine. Given the short duration of the famine, we can separately identify effects for cohorts exposed as fetuses, infants and one-year-olds. Our empirical analysis uses data from...

In this paper we estimate the long-run effects of prenatal exposure to the 1918/19 influenza wave for a European country. Using data from the 1970 Swiss census and comparing cohort outcomes, we find that the male Swiss-born cohort with in utero exposure to the pandemic performs significantly...

This paper examines the long run education and labor market effects from early-life exposure to the Greek 1941-42 famine. Given the short duration of the famine, we can separately identify the famine effects for cohorts exposed in utero, during infancy and at one year of age. We find that...

In many low- and middle-income countries, health coverage has improved dramatically in the past two decades, but health outcomes have not. As such, effective coverage-a measure of service delivery that meets a minimum standard of quality-remains unacceptably low. Improving Effective Coverage in...

Most industrialized countries have increased access to abortion over the past 30 years. Economic theory predicts that abortion laws affect sexual behavior since they change the marginal cost of having risky sex. We use gonorrhea incidence as a metric of risky sexual behavior. Using a panel of 41...

We estimate the impact on health care utilization and out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditures of a major reform in Thailand that extended health insurance to one-quarter of the population to achieve universal coverage while keeping health spending below 4% of GDP. Identification is through comparison...

In this paper we estimate long-run effects of fetal exposure to the 1918/19 influenza pandemic for a European country. Using data from the 1970 Swiss census, we find that the male 1919 cohort that had a strongly increased likelihood of fetal exposure to the pandemic performs significantly worse...