As a result of the global economic crisis the governments of the states has been forced to present various proceedings especially in field of taxation to maintain or increase the tax revenues and to safe economy. Majority of the states decided to make changes inter alia in indirect taxation as...

Consumption taxes have been harmonized in the EU countries since 1993 and a great attention is paid to their convergence in the EU. The EU directives harmonize tax administration, tax bases and set minimal applicable rates. The aim of the article is to find out if VAT systems of the EU countries...

This report provides estimates of the VAT Gap for 26 EU Member States for 2012, as well as revised estimates for the period 2009-2011. It is a follow-up to the report "Study to quantify and analyse the VAT Gap in the EU-27 Member States", published in September 2013. This update incorporates the...

This paper analyses value-added tax (VAT), with special emphasis on efficiency in the EU-28 Member States and Turkey, over the period from 2009 to 2013. From the results of the analysis, we concluded that, the highest efficiency ratio (50.8) was recorded in Croatia in 2013. This indicates that...

This study discusses European Commission's recent proposal to combat VAT fraud by taxing intra-Community supplies at a common rate of 15%, accompanied by the internal correction of input-tax gap between an importer and his own national tax authority, which is caused by the national VAT rate...

This report presents and discusses the findings of the "Study to quantify and analyse the VAT Gap in the EU-27 Member States", conducted by CASE and CPB. The main aim of the study was to help better understand the recent trends in the field of VAT fraud and analyse determinants of VAT Gaps using...

Zappers skim cash sales at retail. Zappers are add-on programs used by merchants with electronic cash registers (ECRs) or point-of-sale (POS) systems. Zappers are smart and selective. They do not skim all sales, and they never skim credit card transactions. Although they are present in every...

In most jurisdictions there are three separate spheres of transfer pricing analysis - income tax, customs and VAT. Although they share policy objectives, terminology and frequently borrowing methodologies from one another these domestic transfer pricing systems are not in harmony. Businesses...

The treatment of banking services as VAT exempted is a dominant model and common practice among EU member countries mainly due to the technical difficulties of calculating value added and applying the general credit - invoice method of VAT taxation. Not charging VAT on banking sector results in...

The principal of neutrality is a key principle of the European Union (EU) Value Added Tax (VAT) system. The concept of tax neutrality has a number of dimensions and meanings. The purpose of the article is to examine whether the principle of neutrality shapes the main elements of VAT structure,...