This paper is concerned with the estimation of forecast error, particularly in relation to insurance loss reserving. Forecast error is generally regarded as consisting of three components, namely parameter, process and model errors. The first two of these components, and their estimation, are...

US energy system development consistent with the Paris Agreement will depend in part on future fuel prices and technology costs, which are highly uncertain. Energy system optimization models (ESOMs) represent a critical tool to examine clean energy futures under different assumptions. While many...