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In a polarised and highly unequal country such as South Africa, it is unlikely that a definition of the middle class that is based on an income threshold will adequately capture the political and social meanings of being middle class. We therefore propose a multi-dimensional definition, rooted...
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national currencies using either the 2005 or 2011 level; in the medium term, we argue for global poverty measurement based on … internationally coordinated national poverty measurement. … poverty line, expressed in PPP-adjusted dollars and linked to various rounds of the International Comparison of Prices (ICP …
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-government poverty rates climb by three to four percentage points once we account for households’ medical expenses. We find that …
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