This paper examines the causal relationship between energy consumption and real GDP of the fourteen MENA Countries over the period 1987-2019 by using bivariate Vector Auto-regression model and Granger causality approach. This study shows the existence of unidirectional, bidirectional or no...

This paper disaggregates energy consumption and GDP data according to end-use to analyze a broad number of developed and developing countries grouped in panels by similar characteristics. Panel long-run causality is assessed with a relatively under-utilized approach recommend by Canning and...