libraries? I address this issue by looking at novel data, the Public Library Survey, and use panel from 2000 to 2013. The …

because the grant crowds out the fund-raising of the charities who, after getting the grant, reduce efforts of fund-raising … (fund-raising crowd out)? This is the first paper to separate these two effects. Using a panel of more than 8,000 charities …, we find that crowding out is significant, at about 72 percent. We find this crowding out is due primarily to reduced fund-raising …

because the grant crowds out the fund-raising of the charities who, after getting the grant, reduce efforts of fund-raising … (fund-raising crowd out)? This is the first paper to separate these two effects. Using a panel of more than 8,000 charities …, we find that crowding out is significant, at about 72 percent. We find this crowding out is due primarily to reduced fund-raising …

Consistent with nonprofit fundraising practices, donation visibility has been shown to increase giving. While concern … donation-visibility may be harmful when individuals prefer to be perceived as poor-and-generous rather than rich …, donation-visibility fails to increase contributions as low-income individuals select low donation amounts that are unlikely to …