To control for product quality and eliminate the exchange rate volatility effect, we use the Japanese regional data to study the Penn effect - the positive relationship between price and income levels. Similarly to what is widely documented with international data, the price and income levels...

The status of real and financial integration of China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan is investigated using monthly data on one-month interbank rates, exchange rates, and prices. Specifically, the degree of integration is assessed based on the empirical validity of real interest parity, uncovered...

The linkages between the People's Republic of China and the other Chinese economies of Hong Kong and Taiwan are assessed, and compared against those with Japan and the US. We first characterize the time series behavior of three criteria of integration, namely real interest parity, uncovered...

The status of real and financial integration of China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan is investigated using monthly data on one-month interbank rates, exchange rates, and prices. Specifically, the degree of integration is assessed based on the empirical validity of real interest parity, uncovered...

Currency mismatch makes a debtor country suffer from domestic depreciation by magnifying the burden of its external debt. Since external debt can be paid back by exporting more than importing, a crucial channel for inducing recovery is net export. It is not warranted, however, that domestic...