This paper provides a review of the research on the ‘economics of language' as applied to international migration. Its … primary focuses are on: (1) the effect of the language skills of an individual on the choice of destination among … international (and internal) migrants, both in terms of the ease of obtaining proficiency in the destination language and access to …

a correlation between language diversity and learning outcomes exists, and also, whether a particular language of … instruction policy, monolingual or multilingual, correlates with learning outcomes. We construct a data set on the language of … tongue-based multilingual education could effectively improve learning outcomes in low- and middle-income countries. However …

This article investigates the macro-level drivers of adult-age language learning. We construct a new dataset that … covers German language learning in 77 countries (including Germany) for 1992-2006. Fixed-effects regressions show that … language learning in the EU is strongly associated with immigration. Instead, immigration by non-EU citizens in associated with …

this study is to identify the methods applied by teachers who teach Indonesian as a second language in one of the public … the meanings of words and sentences for the students by translating them into their first language, i.e. English. These … who are also teaching Indonesian in other countries and as additional insights to immerse themselves in their language …