. Most studies find modest adverse effects of the minimum on employment so that the minimum raises the total income of low … there as well. (4) Employment protection regulations and related laws shift output and employment to informal sectors and … reduce gross labor mobility. (5) Mandated benefits increase labor costs and reduce employment modestly while the costs of …

closely reproduces the decline in informality observed between 2003 and 2012. The change in the composition of the labor force … the effectiveness of a progressive payroll tax in reducing informality. …

Employment is key to combating poverty. Thus, detractors of social assistance programs argue that they create … jury is still out with respect to their impact on formal employment. This paper exploits an unannounced change in the … eligibility rule of the Bolsa Familia program in Brazil, one of the oldest and largest conditional cash transfers in the world, to …

This paper investigates if changes in the minimum wage have influenced changes on the formality and informality rates … and so to characterize changes over time. Results suggest that the minimum wage has virtually no effect on employment and …