protected notes (EL-PAM-PPNs) and the mean return and volatility of the underlying portfolio using 1568 EL-PAM-PPNs issued in … holding cost; (ii) the underlying portfolio’s volatility increases the note return and decreases the note holding cost; (iii … lower expected volatility. UK investors should avoid callable notes and choose notes with a longer time to maturity, where …

The return and volatility spillover effects on Asian Dragons were investigated in this study. Yahoo Finance provided … unidirectional relationships, but volatility spillover effects were shown in both unidirectional and bidirectional connections. The …, the STI was a significant net transmitter of stock market volatility to other markets, according to research. As a result …