norms on cooperation. We find that under the signaling mechanism, less cooperative players disguise themselves in the rule …-following game, but this does not decrease cooperation overall. More importantly, the signaling mechanism has a heterogeneous effect … on cooperation in rule-following and rule-breaking groups: It increases cooperation in rule-following groups but …

whether the prospect of losses can induce cooperation, we let experimental subjects play the traveler's dilemma in the gain …

We study the stability of voluntary cooperation in response to varying rates at which a group grows. Using a laboratory … cooperation. We then study the effect on cooperation of exogenously varying rates of entry. Slow growth yields higher cooperation … persistence of optimistic self-reinforcing beliefs. We also study growth rates determined by incumbent group members. While such …