This paper presents a new variant of an open vehicle routing problem (OVRP), in which competition exists between distributors. In the OVRP with competitive time windows (OVRPCTW), the reaching time to customers affects the sales amount. Therefore, distributors intend to service customers earlier...

This paper presents an integrated artificial neural network-computer simulation (ANNSim) for optimization of G/G/K queue systems. The ANNSim is a computer program capable of improving its performance by referring to production constraints, system's limitations and desired targets. It is a goal...

We propose a novel multi-period location–allocation model for the design of an organ transplant transportation network under uncertainty. The model consists of a bi-objective mathematical programming model that minimizes total cost and time, including waiting time in the queue for the...

This paper studies a location-routing-inventory problem in a multi-period closed-loop supply chain with multiple suppliers, producers, distribution centers, customers, collection centers, recovery, and recycling centers. In this supply chain, centers are multiple levels, a price increase factor...

This paper addresses a novel sustainable hub location problem (SHLP) in which two new environmental-based cost functions accounting for air and noise pollution of vehicles are incorporated. To cope with uncertain data incorporated in the model, a mixed possibilistic–stochastic programming...