Academic, government, and industry researchers have attempted to build some theoretical and empirical ways to understanding how to innovate and interact in data- driven contexts in recent years. However, it does not appear to go above and beyond our expectations in terms of offering fresh views...

Quadruple collaboration has risen rapidly in place of the traditional triple helix model of institutional collaboration between universities, governments, and companies. Loet Leydesdorff and Helen Lawton Smith (2022) approach this challenge by aiming to resolve the issue of evaluating and...