In this work, an improved solidification model based on volume of fluid (VOF) multiphase model is proposed by introducing a temperature-dependent viscosity method. The model is verified with the experimental data of a single droplet impacting and icing on the cold surface, and then applied in...

Efficient preconcentration strategy is of vital importance for the sensitive and selective electrochemical detection of metal ions; rapid specific enrichment with the depressed absorption of interfering ions at electrode, however, is challenging. Here, we proposed an electric field-induced...