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In this paper we focus on proximity as one of the main determinants of international collaboration in pharmaceutical … intensity of international research collaboration. Moreover, there is no robust and significant relation between the interaction … terms of geographical distance with social, cognitive, or institutional proximity, and international research collaboration …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010281635
Credit reporting systems are an important ingredient for financial markets. These systems are based upon the unique identification of borrowers, which is enabled if a compulsory identification system exists in a country. We present evidence derived from difference-in-difference analyses on the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010281639
The firms' international fragmentation of production has recently widened its focus from outsourcing of intermediates … to off-shoring of business services such as software program development and international call centre networks. Although … alternatives for face-to-face interaction. It has recently been argued that time zones can be a driving force of international …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010281652
to the collapse in world trade and sharp drop in commodity prices. Things were made worse by emerging markets' exposure …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010281707
In 2005 and 2006, the Human Development Report Office undertook a review of UNDP's gender-related indicators, particularly the Gender-Related Development Index (GDI) and the Gender Empowerment Measure (GEM). Background papers as well as the results of the process were published in 2006 (e.g....
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010281813
This paper proposes a new analytical framework with which to analyze the determinants of global CO2 emissions. It contributes to the existing literature by examining the determinants of CO2 emissions using a flexible functional form (transcendental logarithmic model), taking into account the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010281814
In this paper we construct the Social Institutions and Gender Index (SIGI) using variables of the OECD Gender, Institutions and Development database. Instead of measuring gender inequalities in education, health, economic or political participation, the SIGI allows a new perspective on gender...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010281822
We focus on the role that the transmission of information between a multilateral (the IMF) and a country has for the optimal design of conditional reforms. Our model predicts that when agency problems are especially severe, and/or IMF information is valuable, a centralized control is indeed...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010281823
One of the most frequent critiques of the HDI is that it does not take into account inequality within countries in its three dimensions. We use a simple approach, which allows to compute the three components and the overall HDI for quintiles of the income distribution. This allows to compare the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010281828
This paper makes the following contributions to the literature on the impact of trade on income. First, we use heterogeneous panel cointegration techniques that are robust to omitted variables and endogenous regressors to estimate the effect of trade on income for 75 developed and developing...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010281831