We model the risk of setting the required fixed-offer price in an IPO given initial uncertainty about value, as well as costs of over and underpricing. Assuming that the goal of issuers in bookbuilt IPOs is to maximize net offering proceeds, our analysis indicates that their optimal strategy is...

Chinese IPOs offer investors two potential lottery-like gains. One is huge first day returns as Chinese issuers leave more money on the table than other issuers and the other is that a particular IPO may go on to become the next Alibaba in the long run. Using a sample of 862 book-built Chinese...

This paper outlines the phenomenon of negative first-day IPO returns. Using a comprehensive sample of firms that listed in the USA between 2000 and 2020, we find that 21.61% of all IPO firms have negative first-day returns, making this a common feature of US IPO markets. We identify key...