Energy security has climbed the list of EU energy and foreign policy priorities in the last decade. This process was accelerated by the shock of the 2006 and 2009 disruptions in Russian gas supply through Ukraine, and by the new possibilities offered by the Lisbon Treaty. Efforts have been...

This Alert analyses the 'track record' of sanctions as a foreign policy tool. It gives a brief historical overview of the practice of sanctions, showing how in recent years international sanctions have tended to shift from being comprehensive to targeted, and examines the 'lessons learned'.

Trade in technology goods has increased rapidly. The twelve-year-old Information Technology Agreement (ITA) in the WTO has facilitated this process and has contributed to the dissemination of technology across the world. Yet the ITA needs to be improved to provide for further trade...

This paper explores whether Russia can be made to abide by international commercial rules. It discusses the role the EU, Russia's main trading partner, can and should play in fostering better Russian compliance with international commercial rules. Russia's economic revival, built on oil and gas,...

This book illuminates the challenges that EU and member countries are currently facing, and those it has dealt with or must address in the future, going on to suggest possible implications for Korea. Each chapter represents the different perspectives of each author, converging to paint a picture...

Amid lingering questions over their utility in restraining the proscribed actions of the Assad regime in Syria, curbing Iran's nuclear programme or softening Russia's aggressive stance on Ukraine, the EU stands to benefit from a balanced, empirically-informed assessment on how sanctions have...

Amid lingering questions over their utility in restraining the proscribed actions of the Assad regime in Syria, curbing Iran's nuclear programme or softening Russia's aggressive stance on Ukraine, the EU stands to benefit from a balanced, empirically-informed assessment on how sanctions have...

The G20 summit in London offers an opportunity for world leaders to prevent a continued slide towards protectionism. Yet the summit is already at risk of ending in failure as expectations run too high. The agenda is already far too wide and cover areas characterized by sharp differences of...

This Policy Brief aims at examining Ukraine's economic woes and what it needs to do to improve economic performance. At the centre of the Brief are the effects on Ukraine of the economic crisis and the policy programme devised to improve economic performance. The crisis hit Ukraine hard and...